The Department of Urology encompasses eight subspecialties: Oncology, Minimally Invasive Surgery, Stone Disease, Prostate and Lower Urinary Tract Diseases, Transplantation, Andrology, and Pediatric Urology. Among these, the Oncology, Minimally Invasive Surgery, and Stone Disease subspecialties have reached domestically leading levels. Clinically, minimally invasive techniques are comprehensively applied to urological diseases. The department pioneered in China a series of complex procedures, including laparoscopic radical cystectomy, robot-assisted posterior approach radical prostatectomy, laparoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy, various single-port laparoscopic surgeries (having developed its own patented single-port trocar), and transvesical single-port laparoscopic vesicovaginal fistula repair. It was also the first in China to adopt fluorescent cystoscopy, non-invasive urine diagnostic techniques for bladder tumors, and transurethral en bloc resection of bladder tumors. The department innovated the oblique supine position for percutaneous nephrolithotomy and introduced the oblique cross-body position for treating upper urinary tract stones, proposing a holistic treatment strategy for urolithiasis. The introduction of the latest model extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor has improved outcomes for complex stones and reduced surgical risks. Laser enucleation techniques for benign prostatic hyperplasia are performed, offering advantages of rapid recovery and minimal bleeding. The department also employs advanced lower urinary tract diagnostic and therapeutic technologies such as urodynamic studies and sacral neuromodulator implantation, and conducts kidney transplantation-related procedures. Serving as a consultation center for complex and critical urological conditions in South China, the department assists over 60 tertiary hospitals nationwide in performing various types of minimally invasive surgeries. The affiliated South China Minimally Invasive Training Center has become one of the most influential urological training centers in China, having trained over a thousand key urological professionals for the country.